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马桥人的“江 ”，发音gang，泛指一切水道，包皮括小沟小溪，不限于浩浩荡荡的大水流。如同北方人的“海”，把湖泊池塘也包皮括在内，在南方人听来有些不可思议。重视大小，似乎是后来人的事。

People in Maqiao pronounce river as gang, which denotes all kinds of water ways, including babbling streams and great rivers. It’s like that the term “sea” in North China includes lakes and ponds, which amazes people in the south. It seemed that discerning size was the things which appeared afterwards.

英语中的river（江 ）与stream（溪），就是以大小来分的。而近在海峡对面的法国，fleuve指流入海的河流，riviere则表示内陆河流或流入另一条河流的支流，与大小无涉。可见四海之内名理多异，不是一一对应的。

The terms river and stream in English differs in size. In France across the English Channel，however, people use fleuve to denote rivers flowing towards the sea and riviere to denotes inland rivers or tributaries flowing into another river. This does not relate to size. We can see that differnet country has different naming logics and they are not equivalent.

马桥人后来也明白了大小，只是重视得似乎不太够，仅在声调上作一点区分。“江 ”发平声时指大河，发入声时则指小沟小溪，外人须听得时间足够长了，才不会搞错。我刚到马桥时，就发生过这样的误会，按照当地人的指点，兴冲冲寻江 而去。走到那里，才发现眼下哗啦啦的江 窄得可以一步飞越两岸。里面有一些幽暗的水草，有倏忽而逝的水蛇，根本不合适洗澡和游泳。

People in Maqiao seem to realize this afterwards. But they does not pay too much attention to it. They just make some difference in tones. The word gang, if pronounced in the first Chinese tone, means river. If it is pronounced in the fourth Chinese tone, it means streams. Outsiders need time to get used to this and not confuse them. When I first arrived at Maqiao, I made such a mistake. I searched for rivers with excitement according local people’s guide. But when I came there, I found that the river was so small that you can walk across it within one step. There were dark water grass under it and snakes which just wriggled away.

入声的江 不是平声的江 。沿着入声走一阵，一下走进了水的喧哗，一下走进水的宁静，一下又重入喧哗，身体也有忽散忽聚的感觉，不断地失而复得。碰到一个放牛的老人，他说莫看这条江 子小，以前的水很腻，烧得，可以拿来点油灯。

The word gang is pronounced in the fourth Chinese tone, not the first. I walked alone the stream for a while. Sometimes, I walked into noise. Sometimes, I walked into quiteness. Then, noise again. I felt that my body was also getting away and then getting together. I gained it and then lost it again and again. I came across an old man who was herding cows. He said the water used to be oily. It can be burnt, so people used it for oil light.

也许是我的精、气、神都不足吧，不但自己写不出长的东西，我读一本刊物时，也总是先挑短的看，不论是小说、散文或是其他的文学形式，最后才看长的。

Maybe it is because of my lack of energy that I am not able to write long articles. It’s the same in terms of reading magazines. I prefer to read short ones first and longer ones in the end, whether they are fiction, essays or other kinds of literature.

我总觉得，凡是为了非倾吐不可而写的作品，都是充满了真情实感的。反之，只是为写作而写作，如上之为应付编辑朋友，下之为多拿稿费，这类文章大都是尽量地往长里写，结果是即便有一点点的感情，也被冲洗到水分太多、淡而无味的地步。

I always believe that works written to express are full of real emotions and feelings. On the opposite, works written for getting passed by editors and getting more payment are often very long. As a result, even if these works contain a bit of emotions, they are diluted with tedious words.

当由一个人物，一桩事迹，一幅画面而发生的真情实感，向你袭来的时候，它就像一根扎到你心尖上的长针，一阵卷到你面前的怒潮，你只能用最真切、最简练的文字，才能描画出你心尖上的那一阵剧痛和你面前的那一霎惊惶!

Emotions triggered by a person, a story and a picture scene are like needles sticked into your heart and rolling waves rushing toward you. These emotions can only be described by the most concise words from the bottom of your heart.

我们伟大的祖国，是有写短文的文学传统的。那部包括上下数千年的《古文观止》，“上起东周，下迄明末，共选辑文章220篇”，有几篇是长的?如杜牧的《阿房宫赋》，韩愈的《祭十二郎文》等等，哪一篇不是短而充满了真情实感?今人的巴金的《随感录》，不也是一个实例吗?

Our country has the tradition of writing short articles. The Finest of Ancient Prose collected selected 220 articles from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the late Ming Dynasty, within a time span of thousands of years. Few of them are long. Articles are all short but full of real emotions, such as Du Mu’s On the Ah Fang Palace and Han Yu’s An Elegiac Address to the Twelfth Nephew. As for articles nowadays, Ba Jin’s Random Thoughts is a good example.

The journal Science is adding an extra source at Peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNott announced today. The Follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that Mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the Published research findings.

《科学》杂志主编玛西娅·麦克纳特今天宣布，该杂志将为互评过程增加额外的一轮统计检查。这项措施跟随了其它的杂志步伐。很多人担心数据分析过程中犯的基本错误会导致许多出版了的研究发现无法得到再现。

Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the Journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing Manut will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the Journals editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these

读者需要我们出版的期刊能提供值得相信的结果，麦克纳特在一篇评论中写道。与美国统计协会合作，该杂志已经委任7名专家进入对统计结果进行审稿的编辑部（SBoRE）。文章的初稿可以由杂志内部的编辑或审校编辑或外部的审校者标记待审核。SBoRE之后就会请外部的统计专家来审核这些稿件。

Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said,The creation of thestatistics boardwas motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Sciences overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.

被问到是否是哪篇具体的文章促成了这次的改变时，麦克纳特说：“这次统计审核编辑部的成立是因为在科学研究领域，有对应用统计和数据分析方法的疑虑。同时它也是《科学》杂志增加出版的文章内所讲成果的再现能力的行动的一部分。

Giovanni Parmigiani，a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a mr of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to play primarily on advisory role. He agreed to join because he found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.

乔瓦尼·帕玛强尼，哈佛大学公共卫生学院的生物统计学家，SBoRE的成员之一，表示希望这个编辑部的主要职能是提供建议。他之所以同意加入，是因为他发现建立SBoRE的做法很新奇、独特，并有可能产生长远的影响。这种影响不仅会通过《科学》杂志自身传播，还有更多希望通过想效仿《科学》杂志的其它刊物传播。

John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is a most welcome step forwardand long overdue,Most journals are weak in statistical review，and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.

约翰·尼迪斯，一位研究研究方法的内科医生，认为这项措施是受到广大支持但姗姗来迟的一次进步。大多数期刊在统计审校方面做得比较薄弱，这会影响出版物的质量。他认为对于现在的大多数科学文章来说，统计审校比专家评审更加重要。但他也指出，如《内科医学年刊》、《美国医学会杂志》和《柳叶刀杂志》这样的生物医药期刊，对统计审校尤其重视。

Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research，according to David Vaux，a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012，but journals should also take a tougher line，engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.Vaux says that Sciences idea to pass some papers to statisticians has some merit，but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identifythe papers that need scrutinyin the first place.

细胞生物学家大卫·沃克斯认为专业的科学家应该知道如何分析数据，但数据统计的错误在出版的研究中很常见，这让人惊讶。他在2012年指出，研究者应该提高自身的标准，但期刊也要把好关，让懂统计的审校和能对这一过程进行检验的编辑参与进来。沃克斯也指出，《科学》杂志让统计学家审核文章的想法有优点，但也有缺点。就是它依赖于审校编辑部的编辑来判定文章是否需要进一步的审核。

诸位毕业同学：

Dear graduates:

你们现在要离开母校了，我没有什么礼物送给你们，只好送你们一句话罢。

Now, you are going to leave your school. Yet I have no present to give you but a sentence.

这一句话是：“不要抛弃学问。”以前的功课也许有一大部分是为了这张毕业文凭不得已而做的。从今以后，你们可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了。趁现在年富力强的时候，努力做一种专门学问。少年是一去不复返的，等到精力衰时，要做学问也来不及了。即为吃饭计，学问绝不会辜负人的。吃饭而不求学问，三年五年之后，你们都要被后进少年淘汰掉的。到那时再想做点学问来补救，恐怕已太晚了。

The sentence is: Never give up the pursuit of learning. Most of the work you have done may only be for a letter of graduation. But from now on, you can be free to study anything you want. It’s better to dig into one subject when you are still young and energetic. You only live once and once the youth is gone, it will never come back. It will be too late to study when you are old. For livelihood, learning is also of great help. If you just work and not study, after 3 to 5 years, the younger ones will replace you. At that time, probably, you can no longer catch up by retaking learning.

有人说：“出去做事之后，生活问题亟须解决，哪有工夫去读书?即使要做学问，既没有图书馆，又没有实验室，哪能做学问?”

Someone will say, “When we are working, we can barely feed ourselves. There is no time for us to read books. There is also no library nor lab for us to study.

我要对你们说：凡是要等到有了图书馆方才读书的，有了图书馆也不肯读书。凡是要等到有了实验室方才做研究的，有了实验室也不肯做研究。你有了决心要研究一个问题，自然会撙衣节食去买书，自然会想出法子来设置仪器。至于时间，更不成问题。达尔文一生多病，不能多做工，每天只能做一点钟的工作。你们看他的成绩!每天花一点钟看十页有用的书，每年可看三千六百多页书，三十年读约十一万页书。

I have to tell you that if you won’t start reading until there is a library, you won’t do it either even if there is one. Same for a lab. Once you make up you mind to study a question, you will automatically start saving money to buy books and come up with ways to get equipments. As for the time, it is an easier problem. Darwin was beset with diseases all his life. He could not work too much and can only do one hour’s work. So what did he achieve? If you spend one hour in reading 10 pages of a meaningful book, you can finish more than 3600 pages every year. After 30 years, the number will be 110,000.

诸位，十万页书可以使你成一个学者了。可是，每天看三种小报也得费你一点钟的工夫；四圈麻将也得费你一点半钟的光阴。看小报呢，还是打麻将呢，还是努力做一个学者呢?全靠你们自己的选择!

100 thousand pages can make you a scholar. Yet reading 3 kinds of newpapers also costs you one hour and four rounds of playing mahjong will cost you 1.5 hours. You are going to read newspapers or play mahjong or be scholar? It all depends on your own choice.

易卜生说：“你的最大责任是把你这块材料铸造成器。”

Ibsen once said, “Your biggest responsibility is to make yourself a useful person.”

学问便是铸器的工具。抛弃了学问便是毁了你自己。

Learning is the tool. Forsaking learning is the same as destroying yourself.

再会了!你们的母校眼睁睁地要看你们十年之后成什么器。

Good bye! The school will see what persons you will become ten years after your graduation.

On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.

周一，最高法庭以5比3的投票否决了亚利桑那州的移民法律。这是奥巴马政府在政策上的一次小的胜利。但在更重要的关于宪法的问题上，最高法院以8比0的投票否决了政府提出的试图改变联邦政府与各州之间权力平衡的提议。

In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigrations law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.

在这亚利桑那vs美国的裁决中，大多数人否定了亚利桑那州提出的关于让州和当地警察加强联邦移民法的执行的争议提案的四点中的三点。宪法规定只有华盛顿拥有建立归化条例的权力，联邦法律优先于州法律，这两点无可争议。亚利桑那企图让州的政策平行于现有的联邦的政策运行。

Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun .On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field “ and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers

法官安东尼·肯尼迪，和大法官约翰·罗伯特斯与法庭的自由党人士，裁定亚利桑那和作为太阳的联邦飞得太近。关于被否定的提案，大多数人认为国会已经占据了这个领域，而亚利桑那已经侵犯了联邦的特权。

However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement. That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.

但是，法官们也表示亚利桑那的警察可以根据法律强制检查移入者。因为国会一直以来都提倡联邦和州一起管控移民，并且明确鼓励州的官员和联邦的同事分享信息并合作。

Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.

三位表示反对的法官中的两位：法官塞缪尔·阿利托和克莱伦斯·托马斯，认同这一宪法的逻辑，但不认同亚利桑那与联邦法规相背的规则但就亚利桑那提出的哪一条提案与宪法相悖，意见不一。。唯一的主要反对意见来自法官安东宁·斯卡利亚。他在过去的外国人与煽动叛乱法案中就为国家的特权做过强有力的辩护。 他用过去外国人与煽动叛乱法案的例子为州的特权做了强有力的辩护。

The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued the Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.

总统奥巴马的提案被8比0的全票否决。法官塞缪尔·阿利托把这个提案表述为对联邦行政权力的过度加强惊人主张。白宫认为亚利桑那违反了它的法律优先性，尽管 即使 它的州法严格遵守了联邦宪法。事实上，白宫称它可以使任何它不同意的州法无效，即使它合乎联邦宪法。

Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status. It could never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.

联邦政府的确享有一些只有它才有的权力，比如国籍和边界的管控。但如果国会想阻止各州使用自己的资源来检查移民状况的话，它可以。但它从没这样做过。联邦政府其实是在声明，因为它不想执行国会的移民计划，其它各州也不能这样做。每位法官都正确地否定了这个过分的提案。

In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.

在2006年的电影，《穿普拉达的女王》中，由梅丽尔·斯特里普饰演的米兰达斥责她那没有魅力的助理没有跟上时尚的潮流。因为她的助理这几年里，在时尚秀时穿的一件毛衣，在商场也穿这件毛衣，在商品促销区里，这位可怜的姑娘还穿这件毛衣。原本深蓝的毛衣都已经褪色了。 她的助手穿的深蓝色毛衣从时装秀沦落到商店再沦落到促销区。而无疑是在促销区里，这位可伶的姑娘发现了她的这件衣服。

This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.

在《过度打扮》一书中，作者伊丽莎白认为时尚界这种自上而下的观点是完全过时的和书里描写的充斥着狂热的欲望的世界相比是完全过时的。她花了三年时间完成这本书来控诉“快时尚”。在过去的几十年，科技的进步使得大众市场里如Zara，H&M和优衣库这样的品牌能够更及时地应对潮流的变化，更准确地预计市场的需要。更快的产品更替意味着更少的被浪费的库存，更频繁的新品发布和更多的利润。这些品牌鼓励注重时尚的顾客把衣服看作一次性的产品，即衣服洗过一两次后就过时了，不能穿了。尽管这些品牌没有这样宣传。同时他们也鼓励消费者每过几个星期更新一次衣柜。通过以极低的价格提供时尚商品，这些品牌绑架了时尚圈，撼动了长期以来习惯于按季更新的时尚产业，伊丽莎白认为。

The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.

这次变革的受害者当然不仅限于设计师。因为H&M如果要在全球2300多家连锁店里以5.95美元的价格卖同一件针织迷你裙，它必须依赖海外的廉价劳工。并且大量的订单需要消耗自然资源，使用大量的有害化学物质。

Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.

《过度打扮》是时尚界对如迈克尔·波伦写的《杂食动物的悖论》这样消费者权益运动畅销书的回答。“批量生产的衣服，就像快餐，能消除饥饿，满足需求，但并不能长久，而且会造成浪费。” 伊丽莎白说道。她发现美国人一年 花大约200亿美元买 大约买200亿件衣服，大约每人每年买64件。他们可能把衣服送给了别人。但这么多衣服还是会导致浪费。

Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.

《过度打扮》的最后，伊丽莎白介绍了她的偶像，一位叫莎拉·凯特·博蒙特的住在布鲁克林的妇女。从2008年开始，她所有的衣服都是自己做的，并且都很漂亮。但如伊丽莎白一开始提到的，她花了几十年来完善她的手工，她的例子是不能被复制的。

Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.

尽管一些快时尚公司已经为控制它们对劳工和环境施加的影响做出努力，比如H&M公司就开辟了一条绿色生产收集线，伊丽莎白认为只有消费者能促成持久的改变。她展示了在和食物或能源领域里许多可持续倡议者有一样的理想主义。虚荣心大家都有。人们只有在他们买不起这些东西时，才会更符合可持续理念地进行购买。

From:https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-06-21/book-review-overdressed-by-elizabeth-l-dot-cline (excerpted)

来自：https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-06-21/book-review-overdressed-by-elizabeth-l-dot-cline (节选)

It would be a miracle for one who has lived in Beijing, like me, to see a windless winter. The winter in Jinan is so. It would be an oddity for one who has just come back from London, like me, to see a shiny winter. The winter in Jinan is so. The sunshine in tropic areas is so much that it makes people cringe. Although Jinan is in northern China, it has a pleasant winter. Jinan is really a good place.

设若单单是有阳光，那也算不了出奇。请闭上眼睛想：一个老城，有山有水，全在天底下晒着阳光，暖和安适地睡着，只等春风来把它们唤醒，这是不是个理想的境界?小山整把济南围了个圈儿，只有北边缺着点口儿。这一圈小山在冬天特别可爱，好像是把济南放在一个小摇篮里，它们安静不动地低声地说“你们放心吧，这儿准保暖和。真的，济南的人们在冬天是面上含笑的。他们一看那些小山，心中便觉得有了着落，有了依靠。他们由天上看到山上，便不知不觉地想起：”明天也许就是春天了吧?这样的温暖，今天夜里山草也许就绿起来了吧?”就是这点幻想不能一时实现，他们也并不着急，因为有这样慈善的冬天，干啥还希望别的呢!

It’s not extraordinary if there is only sunshine. Close your eyes and imagine: An old town, with hills and rivers, is lying under the sunshine and sleeping comfortably, waiting for spring wind to awaken it. Is it not an ideal world? Hills surround the town with its northern part open. This circle of hills is very cute in winter. It seems that Jinan is put in a cradle. The hills say quietly, “sleep tight as we will warm you”. It’s true as people in Jinan always go out with smiles in winter. Seeing the hills, they feel comfortable. They look at the sky then at the hills and all of a sudden, they think it will be in spring tomorrow. It’s so warm that the grass on the hills might become green during the night. Such a fantasy cannot come true for a while. But they do not worry as the winter is so kind. There is no need to long for the spring.

最妙的是下点小雪呀。看吧，山上的矮松越发的青黑，树尖上顶着一髻儿白花，好像日本看护妇。山尖全白了，给蓝天镶上一道银边。山坡上，有的地方雪厚点，有的地方草色还露着;这样，一道儿白，一道儿暗黄，给山们穿上一件带水纹的花衣;看着看着，这件花衣好像被风儿吹动，叫你希望看见一点更美的山的肌肤。等到快回落的时候，微黄的阳光斜射在山腰上，那点薄雪好像忽然害了羞，微微露出点粉色。就是下小雪吧，济南是受不住大雪的，那些小山太秀气!

The most wonderful moment is when it snows a little. Look, the pinons on the hills become greener with their tops covered with snow, like Japanese nurses. The hill tops are completely white, giving the blue sky a circle of snow. On the hillsides, some places have a thick layer of snow while some places’ snow is thin, showing the color of grass. It is like the hills were dressed in a patterned clothes with stripes of white and dark yellow. When the sun is falling, yellowish sunshine is laid on the hillsides. The thin snow shows a faint pink as a shy lady. A little snow is suitable as these hills are so elegant that they won’t stand heavy snow.

古老的济南，城里那么狭窄，城外又那么宽敞，山坡上卧着些小村庄，小村庄的房顶上卧着点雪，对，这是张小水墨画，也许是唐代的名手画的吧。

It is narrow inside the ancient Jinan but spacious outside. There lies some small hamlets on the hillsides and some snow on the house roofs. It’s like ink wash painting, maybe by some famous artist in Tang Dynasty.

那水呢，不但不结冰，倒反在绿萍上冒着点热气，水藻真绿，把终年贮蓄的绿色全拿出来了。天儿越晴，水藻越绿，就凭这些绿的精神，水也不忍得冻上，况且那些长枝的垂柳还要在水里照个影儿呢!看吧，由澄清的河水慢慢往上看吧，空中，半空中，天上，自上而下全是那么清亮，那么蓝汪汪的，整个的是块空灵的蓝水晶。这块水晶里，包着红屋顶，黄草山，像地毯上的小团花的小灰色树影;这就是冬天的济南。

As for the water, it does not freeze in winter. On the contrary, it is warm. The algae is very green and it seems that it shows the green it has saved for the entire year. The shinier the day is, the greener the algae become. Water cannot bear to freeze because of its greenness, let alone these weeping willows which want to leave its reflection in the water. Look! From the clear water to the upper sky, it’s all bright and clear, like a shiny crystal. In this crystal, there are red roofs, yellow hills and grey shadows of trees which are like patterns on a blanket. This is Jinan in winter.

In 1959, I wrote my autobiography for an assignment in sixth grade. In twenty-nine pages, most half-filled with earnest scrawl, I described my parents, brothers, pets, house, hobbies, school, sports and plans for the future. Forty-two years later, I began writing another memoir, this one about the eight years I spent in the White House living history with Bill Clinton. I quickly realized that I couldn’t explain my life as First Lady without going back to the beginning―how I became the woman I was that first day I walked into the White House on January 20, 1993, to take on a new role and experiences that would test and transform me in unexpected ways.

在1959年，我六年级的时候，写了一份自传的作业。在二十九页歪歪扭扭的内容中，我认真地写了我的父母、兄弟、宠物、家、爱好、学校、运动和未来的计划。四十二年以后，我开始了新的一份自传的撰写。这部传记是关于我和比尔•克林顿在白宫的真实经历。我迅速意识到，要讲清楚我作为第一夫人的故事，就不得不回到最初的时刻——我是怎么在1993年1月20日进入白宫，成为第一夫人，换上一个新的身份；这样的经历出乎意料地将考验我并改变我。

By the time I crossed the threshold of the White House, I had been shaped by my family upbringing, education, religious faith and all that I had learned before―as the daughter of a staunch conservative father and a more liberal mother, a student activist, an advocate for children, a lawyer, Bill’s wife and Chelsea’s mom.

在我跨进白宫的门槛时，我一直受到的是家庭培养，教育，宗教信仰和我之前了解的所有东西的塑造。我是一位坚定的保守的父亲和一位更加自由的母亲的女儿，是一个学生运动者，关于儿童问题的提倡者，一名律师，比尔的妻子，切尔西的母亲。

For each chapter, there were more ideas I wanted to discuss than space allowed; more people to include than could be named; more places visited than could be described. If I mentioned everybody who has impressed, inspired, taught, influenced and helped me along the way, this book would be several volumes long. Although I’ve had to be selective, I hope that I’ve conveyed the push and pull of events and relationships that affected me and continue to shape and enrich my world today.

受到篇幅限制，在每个章节里，我不能详尽地叙述我想表达的东西，提到想提到的人，描述去过的地点。如果我提到所有在我人生路上曾经影响我，启发我，教导我，影响我和帮助过我的人，这本书可能要几卷那么厚。尽管我需要选择性地筛选内容，但我希望我能传达各个事件对我施加的推力和拉力，描述好影响我，今天仍持续地塑造和丰富我的世界的各种关系。

Since leaving the White House I have embarked on a new phase of my life as a U.S. Senator from New York, a humbling and daunting responsibility. A complete account of my move to New York, campaign for the Senate and the honor of working for the people who elected me will have to be told another time, but I hope this memoir illustrates how my success as a candidate for the Senate arose out of my White House experiences.

离开白宫之后，我开始了我作为纽约的参议员的新生涯。这是一份需要谦虚和勇气的责任。关于我是怎么到的纽约，竞选参议员，光荣地为选举我的人民工作待到下次再讲。而我希望这次的自传能说明我在白宫的经历是怎样成为我成功成为参议员候选人的基础的。

During my years as First Lady, I became a better student of how government can serve people, how Congress really works, how people perceive politics and policy through the filter of the media and how American values can be translated into economic and social progress. I learned the importance of America’s engagement with the rest of the world, and I developed relationships with foreign leaders and an understanding of foreign cultures that come in handy today. I also learned how to keep focused while living in the eye of many storms.

我当第一夫人的时候，我认真了解了政府是如何服务人民的，国会是怎样真正运作的，人们是怎样通过媒体的过滤看待政治和政策的，美国的价值观是怎样反映到经济和社会进程中的。我了解了美国参与到世界事务中的重要性。我和外国的领导建立了关系，逐渐了解了我现在已经很清楚的外国文化。我也了解了怎样在暴风眼中保持专注。

I was raised to love my God and my country, to help others, to protect and defend the democratic ideals that have inspired and guided free people for more than zoo years. These ideals were nurtured in me as far back as I can remember. Back in 1959, I wanted to become a teacher or a nuclear physicist. Teachers were necessary to “train young citizens” and without them you wouldn’t have “much of a country” America needed scientists because the “Russians have about five scientists to our one.” Even then, I was fully a product of my country and its times, absorbing my family’s lessons and America’s needs as I considered my own future. My childhood in the 1950s and the politics of the 1960s awakened my sense of obligation to my country and my commitment to service. College, law school and then marriage took me into the political epicenter of the United States.

我从小被教育要热爱上帝和祖国，帮助他人，保护和保卫民主理想。这份理想，在过去200年里一直激励和引导着自由的人民。从我记事起，这些理想就根植在了我心里。回到1959年，当时我想成为一名老师或核物理学家。培养年轻的公民需要教师。没有教师，美国就不能拥有足够的科学家。因为那时苏联的科学家数量是美国的五倍。即时在那时，我就已经完全是我的国家和那个时代的产品。在考虑我自己的未来时受到家庭教育和美国国家需要的影响。二十世纪五十年代时我的童年，和六十年代时的政治，唤醒了我报国和献身服务的意识。大学，法学院和之后的婚姻带我走进了美国政治的中心。

A political life, I’ve often said, is a continuing education in human nature, including one’s own. My involvement on the ground floor of two presidential campaigns and my duties as First Lady took me to every state in our union and to seventy-eight nations. In each place, I met someone or saw something that caused me to open my mind and my heart and deepen my understanding of the universal concerns that most of humanity shares.

政治生活，我曾经说过，是对人性和个人的持续教育。我参加了两次总统选举的竞选运动，并履行了第一夫人的职责。这使得我了解了我们联邦里的每一个州，世界上的78个国家。每次到不同的地方，我经历的人与事都开阔了我的眼界，打开了我的内心，加深了我对人类普遍关心的事物的理解。

I always knew that America matters to the rest of the world; my travels taught me how the rest of the world matters to America. Listening to what people in other countries are saying and trying to under stand how they perceive their place in the world is essential to a future of peace and security at home and abroad. With this in mind, I have included voices we don’t hear often enough―voices of people in every corner of the globe who want the same things we do: freedom from hunger, disease and fear, freedom to have a say in their own destinies, no matter their DNA or station in life. I have devoted considerable space in these pages to my foreign travels because I believe that the people and places are important, and what I learned from them is part of who I am today.

我之前始终知道，美国对于世界来说很重要。我的出访教会我，世界对于美国来说同样重要。倾听其它国家人民的心声，尽力去了解他们怎么看待他们在世界中的位置，对于未来国内外的和平是很重要的。带着这一想法，我的写作中也提到了我们不曾经常听到的声音。那时来自世界每个角落的声音，他们做的事情和我们做的事情一样：摆脱饥饿，疾病和恐惧，掌握自己的命运，无论DNA和社会地位的不同。我用了很多篇章描述我的对外访问经历，因为我相信，这些人和地方很重要，我从他们身上学习到的同样塑造了今天的我。

（张培基英译散文选的一篇，我翻译的初稿）

从重庆到汉口，我坐了木船。

From Chongqing to Hankou, I took a wooden boat.

木船危险，当然知道。

Of course, I knew that to travel by wooden boat was dangerous.

一路上数不清的滩，礁石随处都是，要出事，随时可以出。

The course is full of shoals and rocks(reefs). Accidents can happen at any time.

还有盗匪——实在是最可怜的同胞，他们种地没得吃，有力气没处出卖，当了兵经常饿肚皮，无可奈何只好出此下策。

There are also bandits who are the poorest fellows as they cannot farm to feed themselves, cannot find a manual job and have to suffer hunger joining the army, having no way but to rob.

——假如遇见了，把铺盖或者身上衣服带下去，也是异常难处的事儿

If someone meets them, they would depriverob him of everything including his wearings. It would be a big trouble.

但是，回转来想，从前没有轮船，没有飞机，历来走川江的人都坐木船。

But in old days, there was no steamboat nor airplane. Every traveller had to take a wooden boat up and down the Chuan River.

就是如今，上上下下的还有许多人在那里坐木船，如果统计起来，人数该比坐轮船坐飞机的多。

Now, many people are still taking the wooden boat. The number would be larger than the number of people by steamboat and plane.

人家可以坐，我就不能坐吗？

Why can’t I take a wooden boat while others can?

我又不比人家高贵。

I am not nobler than others.

至于危险，不考虑也罢。

As for the danger, I think I can just dismiss it.

轮船飞机就不危险吗？

Are steamboats and planes not dangerous?

安步当车似乎最稳妥了，可是人家屋檐边也可以掉下一张瓦片来。

It seems that walking is the safest. But it is possible that a piece of tile falls on a passer-by off the eaves of someone’s house.

要绝对避免危险就莫要做人。

There is no absolute safety being a person.

要坐轮船坐飞机，自然也有办法。

Steamboats and planes can be accessible,

只要往各方去请托，找关系，或者干脆买张黑票。

as long as you beg relevant people, use some connections or just buy a ticket from scalpers.

先说黑票，且不谈付出超过定额的钱，力有不及，心有不甘，单单一个“黑”字，就叫你不愿领教。

Let’s first talk about the “illegal” ticket. I will not spend extra money on it as I don’t have much money and I am not willing to pay for it let alone it is illegal.

“黑”字表示作弊，表示越出常轨。

Illegality means cheating and overpassing rules’ restraints.

你买黑票，无异同作弊，赞助越出常轨。

If you buy such a ticket, it is the same as cheating and sponsoring illegal behaviors.

一个人既不能独立转移风气，也该在消极方面有所自守，邦同作弊，赞助越出常轨的事儿，总可以免了吧，——这自然是书生之见，不免通达的人一笑。

I cannot improve the social ethos but at least, I should not make negative contirbutions. I can avoid doing illegal things. Of course, this is my personalpedantic view as a Chinese scholar. Sophisticated people can just laugh at me.

再说请托找关系，听人家说他们的经验，简直与谋差使一样的麻烦。

Then, let’s talk about connections. Listening to Others talking about say that their experience is as troubling as finding a job.

在传达室恭候，在会客室恭候，幸而见了那要见的人，他听说你要设法买船票，或是飞机票，爱理不理的答复你说，“困难呢……

Ather waiting at the lodge and at the reception room for a long time, you will meet that man you want to meet. After Hearing that you want to buy a steamboat ticket or a plane ticket, he just replied in a cold manner,”It’s not easy.

下个星期再来打听吧……”

Ask me next week…”

于是你觉得好像有一线希望，又好像毫无把握，只得挨到下星期再去。

Then, seeing a sliver of hope while not confident, you wait until the next week and go there again.

跑了不知多少趟，总算有眉目了，又得往这一处签字，那一处盖章，看种种的脸色，候种种的传唤，为的是得一份充分的证据，可以去换张票子。

After visiting for many times, you are supposed to get a ticket. But you still have to sign at some place and stamp at another place, putting up with all kinds of faces and orders, all for a piece of evidence to exchange for a ticket.

票子到手，身分可以改变了，什么机关的部属，什么长的秘书，什么人的本人或是父亲，或者姓名仍旧，或者必须改名换姓，总之要与你自己暂时脱离关系。

The ticket is finally got. But the identity should be changed to some institution’s staff or some chairman’s secretary or somebody or somebody’s father. You can keep your name or you must change your name. Anyway, you have to disown yourself for a while.

最有味的是冒充什么部的士兵，非但改名换姓，还得穿上灰布棉军服，腰间束条皮带。

The most interesting is that if you are going to pretend to be a soilder, you not only have to change your name, but also have to wear grey cotton uniforms with a leather belt around your waist.

我听了这些，就死了请托找关系的念头。

Having heard these, I decided not to use connections.

即使饿得要死，也不定要去奉承颜色谋差使，为了一张票子去求教人家，不说我自己犯不着，人家也太费心。

Even if I starve to death, I don’t have to flatter and beg others for a job, let alone a ticket. I don’t have to do this and they can also be free from trouble.

重庆的路又那么难走，公共汽车站排队往往等上一个半钟头，天天为了票子去跑，实在吃不消。

Chongqin’s road is hard to walk whlle lining up for a bus takes an hour and a half. I don’t have the energy to go there back and forth every day.

再说与自己暂时脱离关系，换上他人的身分，虽然人家不大爱惜名气，我可不愿滥用那些名气。

As for pretending to be others, although they don’t cherish their reputation, I don’t want to overuse it.

我不是部属，不是秘书，不是某人，不是某人的父亲，我是我。

I am not some institution’s staff, nor a secrertary nor somebody else nor somebody else’s father. I am I.

我毫无成就，样样不长进，我可不愿与任何人易地而处，无论长期的或是暂时的。

I have few achievements and not good at anything. I do not want to exchange my identity with any other people, no matter it is long-term or short-term.

为了走一趟路，必须易地而处，在我总觉着像被剥夺了什么似的。

For taking a trip, I have to change my identity. I will feel that I am deprived of something.

至于穿灰布棉衣更为难了，为了走一趟路才穿上那套衣服，岂不亵渎了那套衣服？

Wearing a grey cotton uniform just for a trip is more difficult for me. It profanes the uniform.

亵渎的人固然不少，我可总不忍——这一套又是书生之见。

There are a number of people profaning the uniform. But I cannot do it. This is also my view as a scholar.

抱着书生之见，我决定坐木船。

Holding this view, I decided to take a wooden boat.

木船比不上轮船，更比不上飞机，千真万确。

Wooden boats cannot be compared with steamboats, let alone airplanes, absolutely.

可是绝对不用找关系，也无所谓黑票。

But you absolutely don’t have to use connections or an illegal ticket.

你要船，找运输行，或者自己到码头上去找，找着了，言明价钱，多少钱坐到汉口，每块钱花得明明白白。

If you want to take a boat, just go to the transport agency or directly go to the dock. You find a boat and make a deal on the price. You know how much it costs form Chongqin to Hankou and the money is spent in a legal way.

在这一点上，我觉得木船好极了，我可以不说一句讨情的话，不看一副难看的嘴脸，堂堂正正的凭我的身分东西归。

I think a wooden boat is excellent on this point/in this respect. I don’t have to flatter others and see other’s disgusting face. I take my trip with my own legal identity and properties.

这是大多数坐轮船坐飞机的朋友办不到的，我可有这种骄傲。

Most of these friends taking the steamboat and the plane cannot do this. But I have such a pride.

决定了之后，有两位朋友特来劝阻，一位从李家沱，一位从柏滨，不怕水程跋涉，为的是关爱我，瞧得起我。

After I decided, two friends came to dissuade me. One was from Lijiatuo and another was from Baibin. Despite the hard trek, they came to show their concerns for me. They think highly of me.

他们说了种种理由，预想了种种可能的障害，结末说，还是再考虑一下的好。

They said all kinds of reasons and imagined all kinds of possible dangers and said it was better to think it over in the end.

我真感谢他们，当然不敢说不必再行考虑，只好带玩笑的说，“吉人天相，”安慰他们激动的心情。

I did thank them. I am not dare to refuse their suggestion vehemently, and I said in jest, “God will bless me.”, to relieve them.

现在，他们接到我平安到达的消息了，他们也真的安慰了。

Now, as they have received the news that I have arrived safely, they can truly be in a relief.